Dashboard: Allow shortlink generation (#27409)

* intial frontend resolution/redirection logic

* backend scaffolding

* enough of the frontend to actually test end to end

* bugfixes

* add tests

* cleanup

* explore too hard for now

* fix build

* Docs: add docs

* FE test

* redirect directly from backend

* validate incoming uids

* add last_seen_at

* format documentation

* more documentation feedback

* very shaky migration of get route to middleware

* persist unix timestamps

* add id, orgId to table

* fixes for orgId scoping

* whoops forgot the middleware

* only redirect to absolute URLs under the AppUrl domain

* move lookup route to /goto/:uid, stop manually setting 404 response code

* renaming things according to PR feedback

* tricky deletion

* sneaky readd

* fix test

* more BE renaming

* FE updates -- no more @ts-ignore hacking :) and accounting for subpath

* Simplify code

Signed-off-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>

* Short URLs: Drop usage of bus

Signed-off-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>

* ShortURLService: Make injectable

Signed-off-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>

* Rename file

Signed-off-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>

* Add handling of url parsing and creating of full shortURL to backend

* Update test, remove unused imports

* Update pkg/api/short_urls.go

Co-authored-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>

* Add correct import

* Pass context to short url service

* Remove not needed error log

* Rename dto and field to denote URL rather than path

* Update api docs based on feedback/suggestion

* Rename files to singular

* Revert to send relative path to backend

* Fixes after review

* Return dto when creating short URL that includes the full url

Use full url to provide shorten URL to the user

* Fix after review

* Fix relative url path when creating new short url

Co-authored-by: Arve Knudsen <arve.knudsen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ivana <ivana.huckova@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ivana Huckova <30407135+ivanahuckova@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Marcus Efraimsson <marcus.efraimsson@gmail.com>

docs/sources/http_api/short_url.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
++++
+title = "Short URL HTTP API "
+description = "Grafana Short URL HTTP API"
+keywords = ["grafana", "http", "documentation", "api", "shortUrl"]
+aliases = ["/docs/grafana/latest/http_api/short_url/"]
+type = "docs"
+[menu.docs]
+name = "Short URL"
+parent = "http_api"
++++
+
+# Short URL API
+
+Use this API to create shortened URLs. A short URL represents a longer URL containing complex query parameters in a smaller and simpler format.
+
+## Create short URL
+
+`POST /api/short-urls`
+
+Creates a short URL.
+
+**Example request:**
+
+```http
+POST /api/short-urls HTTP/1.1
+Accept: application/json
+Content-Type: application/json
+Authorization: Bearer eyJrIjoiT0tTcG1pUlY2RnVKZTFVaDFsNFZXdE9ZWmNrMkZYbk
+
+{
+  "path": "d/TxKARsmGz/new-dashboard?orgId=1&from=1599389322894&to=1599410922894"
+}
+```
+
+JSON body schema:
+
+- **path** – The path to shorten, relative to the Grafana [root_url]({{< relref "../administration/configuration.md#root_url" >}}).
+
+**Example response:**
+
+```http
+HTTP/1.1 200
+Content-Type: application/json
+
+{
+  "uid": AT76wBvGk,
+  "url": http://localhost:3000/goto/AT76wBvGk
+}
+
+```
+
+Status codes:
+
+- **200** – Created
+- **400** – Errors (invalid JSON, missing or invalid fields)