ServiceAccounts: Add identifiable token prefix to service account tokens (#49011)

* Add prefixed API key gen.

* Retrieve API Key by hash

* Handle prefixed API keys for login

* Add placeholder key generator

* fix spelling

* add get by hash sqlstore test

* reformat query

* quote usage of reserved keyword key

* use constant

* improve error handling and pre-select key type

Co-authored-by: Victor Cinaglia <victor@grafana.com>

* nits

Co-authored-by: Victor Cinaglia <victor@grafana.com>

pkg/components/apikeygenprefixed/cmd/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+
+	apikeygenprefix "github.com/grafana/grafana/pkg/components/apikeygenprefixed"
+)
+
+// placeholder key generator
+func main() {
+	// get number of keys to generate from args
+	numKeys := 1
+	if len(os.Args) > 1 {
+		var err error
+		numKeys, err = strconv.Atoi(os.Args[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("ERROR: invalid number of keys to generate:", err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < numKeys; i++ {
+		key, err := apikeygenprefix.New("pl")
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("ERROR: generating key failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("\nGenerated key: %d:\n", i+1)
+		fmt.Println(key.ClientSecret)
+		fmt.Printf("\nGenerated key hash: %d \n", i+1)
+		fmt.Println(key.HashedKey)
+	}
+}