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Connor Lindsey
2021-08-06 07:52:36 -06:00
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commit b78a67cec7
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docs/sources/datasources/mysql.md
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@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ weight = 1000
# Using MySQL in Grafana
> Starting from Grafana v5.1 you can name the time column *time* in addition to earlier supported *time_sec*. Usage of *time_sec* will eventually be deprecated.
> Starting from Grafana v5.1 you can name the time column _time_ in addition to earlier supported _time_sec_. Usage of _time_sec_ will eventually be deprecated.
Grafana ships with a built-in MySQL data source plugin that allows you to query and visualize data from a MySQL compatible database.
@@ -17,22 +17,22 @@ Grafana ships with a built-in MySQL data source plugin that allows you to query
1. Open the side menu by clicking the Grafana icon in the top header.
1. In the side menu under the `Dashboards` link you should find a link named `Data Sources`.
1. Click the `+ Add data source` button in the top header.
1. Select *MySQL* from the *Type* dropdown.
1. Select _MySQL_ from the _Type_ dropdown.
### Data source options
Name | Description
------------------ | -------------
`Name` | The data source name. This is how you refer to the data source in panels and queries.
`Default` | Default data source means that it will be pre-selected for new panels.
`Host` | The IP address/hostname and optional port of your MySQL instance.
`Database` | Name of your MySQL database.
`User` | Database user's login/username
`Password` | Database user's password
`Session Timezone` | Specify the time zone used in the database session, such as `Europe/Berlin` or `+02:00`. This is necessary, if the timezone of the database (or the host of the database) is set to something other than UTC. Set the value used in the session with `SET time_zone='...'`. If you leave this field empty, then the time zone is not updated. For more information, refer to the [MySQL documentation](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/time-zone-support.html).
`Max open` | The maximum number of open connections to the database, default `unlimited` (Grafana v5.4+).
`Max idle` | The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool, default `2` (Grafana v5.4+).
`Max lifetime` | The maximum amount of time in seconds a connection may be reused, default `14400`/4 hours. This should always be lower than configured [wait_timeout](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_wait_timeout) in MySQL (Grafana v5.4+).
| Name | Description |
| ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Name` | The data source name. This is how you refer to the data source in panels and queries. |
| `Default` | Default data source means that it will be pre-selected for new panels. |
| `Host` | The IP address/hostname and optional port of your MySQL instance. |
| `Database` | Name of your MySQL database. |
| `User` | Database user's login/username |
| `Password` | Database user's password |
| `Session Timezone` | Specify the time zone used in the database session, such as `Europe/Berlin` or `+02:00`. This is necessary, if the timezone of the database (or the host of the database) is set to something other than UTC. Set the value used in the session with `SET time_zone='...'`. If you leave this field empty, then the time zone is not updated. For more information, refer to the [MySQL documentation](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/time-zone-support.html). |
| `Max open` | The maximum number of open connections to the database, default `unlimited` (Grafana v5.4+). |
| `Max idle` | The maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool, default `2` (Grafana v5.4+). |
| `Max lifetime` | The maximum amount of time in seconds a connection may be reused, default `14400`/4 hours. This should always be lower than configured [wait_timeout](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_wait_timeout) in MySQL (Grafana v5.4+). |
### Min time interval
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Example:
GRANT SELECT ON mydatabase.mytable TO 'grafanaReader';
```
You can use wildcards (`*`) in place of database or table if you want to grant access to more databases and tables.
You can use wildcards (`*`) in place of database or table if you want to grant access to more databases and tables.
## Query Editor
@@ -102,10 +102,12 @@ If you use aggregate functions you need to group your resultset. The editor will
You may add further value columns by clicking the plus button and selecting `Column` from the menu. Multiple value columns will be plotted as separate series in the graph panel.
### Filter data (WHERE)
To add a filter click the plus icon to the right of the `WHERE` condition. You can remove filters by clicking on
the filter and selecting `Remove`. A filter for the current selected timerange is automatically added to new queries.
### Group By
To group by time or any other columns click the plus icon at the end of the GROUP BY row. The suggestion dropdown will only show text columns of your currently selected table but you may manually enter any column.
You can remove the group by clicking on the item and then selecting `Remove`.
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ If you add any grouping, all selected columns need to have an aggregate function
Grafana can fill in missing values when you group by time. The time function accepts two arguments. The first argument is the time window that you would like to group by, and the second argument is the value you want Grafana to fill missing items with.
### Text Editor Mode (RAW)
You can switch to the raw query editor mode by clicking the hamburger icon and selecting `Switch editor mode` or by clicking `Edit SQL` below the query.
> If you use the raw query editor, be sure your query at minimum has `ORDER BY time` and a filter on the returned time range.
@@ -124,26 +127,26 @@ You can switch to the raw query editor mode by clicking the hamburger icon and s
To simplify syntax and to allow for dynamic parts, like date range filters, the query can contain macros.
Macro example | Description
------------------------------------------------------ | -------------
`$__time(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by an expression to convert to a UNIX timestamp and rename the column to `time_sec`. For example, *UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn) as time_sec*
`$__timeEpoch(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by an expression to convert to a UNIX timestamp and rename the column to `time_sec`. For example, *UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn) as time_sec*
`$__timeFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name. For example, *dateColumn BETWEEN FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410783) AND FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410983)*
`$__timeFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection. For example, *FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410783)*
`$__timeTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection. For example, *FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410983)*
`$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m')` | Will be replaced by an expression usable in GROUP BY clause. For example, *cast(cast(UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn)/(300) as signed)*300 as signed),*
`$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', 0)` | Same as above but with a fill parameter so missing points in that series will be added by grafana and 0 will be used as value.
`$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', NULL)` | Same as above but NULL will be used as value for missing points.
`$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', previous)` | Same as above but the previous value in that series will be used as fill value if no value has been seen yet NULL will be used (only available in Grafana 5.3+).
`$__timeGroupAlias(dateColumn,'5m')` | Will be replaced identical to $__timeGroup but with an added column alias (only available in Grafana 5.3+).
`$__unixEpochFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name with times represented as Unix timestamp. For example, *dateColumn > 1494410783 AND dateColumn < 1494497183*
`$__unixEpochFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection as Unix timestamp. For example, *1494410783*
`$__unixEpochTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection as Unix timestamp. For example, *1494497183*
`$__unixEpochNanoFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name with times represented as nanosecond timestamp. For example, *dateColumn > 1494410783152415214 AND dateColumn < 1494497183142514872*
`$__unixEpochNanoFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection as nanosecond timestamp. For example, *1494410783152415214*
`$__unixEpochNanoTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection as nanosecond timestamp. For example, *1494497183142514872*
`$__unixEpochGroup(dateColumn,'5m', [fillmode])` | Same as $__timeGroup but for times stored as Unix timestamp (only available in Grafana 5.3+).
`$__unixEpochGroupAlias(dateColumn,'5m', [fillmode])` | Same as above but also adds a column alias (only available in Grafana 5.3+).
| Macro example | Description |
| ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `$__time(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by an expression to convert to a UNIX timestamp and rename the column to `time_sec`. For example, _UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn) as time_sec_ |
| `$__timeEpoch(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by an expression to convert to a UNIX timestamp and rename the column to `time_sec`. For example, _UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn) as time_sec_ |
| `$__timeFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name. For example, _dateColumn BETWEEN FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410783) AND FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410983)_ |
| `$__timeFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection. For example, _FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410783)_ |
| `$__timeTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection. For example, _FROM_UNIXTIME(1494410983)_ |
| `$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m')` | Will be replaced by an expression usable in GROUP BY clause. For example, *cast(cast(UNIX_TIMESTAMP(dateColumn)/(300) as signed)*300 as signed),\* |
| `$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', 0)` | Same as above but with a fill parameter so missing points in that series will be added by grafana and 0 will be used as value. |
| `$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', NULL)` | Same as above but NULL will be used as value for missing points. |
| `$__timeGroup(dateColumn,'5m', previous)` | Same as above but the previous value in that series will be used as fill value if no value has been seen yet NULL will be used (only available in Grafana 5.3+). |
| `$__timeGroupAlias(dateColumn,'5m')` | Will be replaced identical to $\_\_timeGroup but with an added column alias (only available in Grafana 5.3+). |
| `$__unixEpochFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name with times represented as Unix timestamp. For example, _dateColumn > 1494410783 AND dateColumn < 1494497183_ |
| `$__unixEpochFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection as Unix timestamp. For example, _1494410783_ |
| `$__unixEpochTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection as Unix timestamp. For example, _1494497183_ |
| `$__unixEpochNanoFilter(dateColumn)` | Will be replaced by a time range filter using the specified column name with times represented as nanosecond timestamp. For example, _dateColumn > 1494410783152415214 AND dateColumn < 1494497183142514872_ |
| `$__unixEpochNanoFrom()` | Will be replaced by the start of the currently active time selection as nanosecond timestamp. For example, _1494410783152415214_ |
| `$__unixEpochNanoTo()` | Will be replaced by the end of the currently active time selection as nanosecond timestamp. For example, _1494497183142514872_ |
| `$__unixEpochGroup(dateColumn,'5m', [fillmode])` | Same as $\_\_timeGroup but for times stored as Unix timestamp (only available in Grafana 5.3+). |
| `$__unixEpochGroupAlias(dateColumn,'5m', [fillmode])` | Same as above but also adds a column alias (only available in Grafana 5.3+). |
We plan to add many more macros. If you have suggestions for what macros you would like to see, please [open an issue](https://github.com/grafana/grafana) in our GitHub repo.
@@ -197,7 +200,7 @@ GROUP BY time
ORDER BY time
```
**Example using the fill parameter in the $__timeGroup macro to convert null values to be zero instead:**
**Example using the fill parameter in the $\_\_timeGroup macro to convert null values to be zero instead:**
```sql
SELECT
@@ -240,7 +243,7 @@ Check out the [Templating]({{< relref "../variables/_index.md" >}}) documentatio
If you add a template variable of the type `Query`, you can write a MySQL query that can
return things like measurement names, key names or key values that are shown as a dropdown select box.
For example, you can have a variable that contains all values for the `hostname` column in a table if you specify a query like this in the templating variable *Query* setting.
For example, you can have a variable that contains all values for the `hostname` column in a table if you specify a query like this in the templating variable _Query_ setting.
```sql
SELECT hostname FROM my_host
@@ -252,7 +255,7 @@ A query can return multiple columns and Grafana will automatically create a list
SELECT my_host.hostname, my_other_host.hostname2 FROM my_host JOIN my_other_host ON my_host.city = my_other_host.city
```
To use time range dependent macros like `$__timeFilter(column)` in your query the refresh mode of the template variable needs to be set to *On Time Range Change*.
To use time range dependent macros like `$__timeFilter(column)` in your query the refresh mode of the template variable needs to be set to _On Time Range Change_.
```sql
SELECT event_name FROM event_log WHERE $__timeFilter(time_column)
@@ -272,6 +275,7 @@ SELECT hostname FROM my_host WHERE region IN($region)
```
#### Using `__searchFilter` to filter results in Query Variable
> Available from Grafana 6.5 and above
Using `__searchFilter` in the query field will filter the query result based on what the user types in the dropdown select box.
@@ -282,6 +286,7 @@ When nothing has been entered by the user the default value for `__searchFilter`
The example below shows how to use `__searchFilter` as part of the query field to enable searching for `hostname` while the user types in the dropdown select box.
Query
```sql
SELECT hostname FROM my_host WHERE hostname LIKE '$__searchFilter'
```
@@ -296,7 +301,7 @@ If the variable is a multi-value variable then use the `IN` comparison operator
There are two syntaxes:
`$<varname>` Example with a template variable named `hostname`:
`$<varname>` Example with a template variable named `hostname`:
```sql
SELECT
@@ -308,7 +313,7 @@ WHERE $__timeFilter(atimestamp) and hostname in($hostname)
ORDER BY atimestamp ASC
```
`[[varname]]` Example with a template variable named `hostname`:
`[[varname]]` Example with a template variable named `hostname`:
```sql
SELECT
@@ -374,12 +379,12 @@ WHERE
$__timeFilter(native_date_time)
```
Name | Description
----------- | -------------
`time` | The name of the date/time field. Could be a column with a native SQL date/time data type or epoch value.
`timeend` | Optional name of the end date/time field. Could be a column with a native SQL date/time data type or epoch value. (Grafana v6.6+)
`text` | Event description field.
`tags` | Optional field name to use for event tags as a comma separated string.
| Name | Description |
| --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `time` | The name of the date/time field. Could be a column with a native SQL date/time data type or epoch value. |
| `timeend` | Optional name of the end date/time field. Could be a column with a native SQL date/time data type or epoch value. (Grafana v6.6+) |
| `text` | Event description field. |
| `tags` | Optional field name to use for event tags as a comma separated string. |
## Alerting
@@ -402,7 +407,7 @@ datasources:
user: grafana
password: password
jsonData:
maxOpenConns: 0 # Grafana v5.4+
maxIdleConns: 2 # Grafana v5.4+
connMaxLifetime: 14400 # Grafana v5.4+
maxOpenConns: 0 # Grafana v5.4+
maxIdleConns: 2 # Grafana v5.4+
connMaxLifetime: 14400 # Grafana v5.4+
```