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itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="主页面" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/zh/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">参考指南</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">关于 API</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">版本:v2.6</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>API</h1></header><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="如何使用-api">如何使用 API<a href="#如何使用-api" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>API 有自己的用户界面,你可以从 Web 浏览器访问它。这是查看资源、执行操作以及查看等效 cURL 或 HTTP 请求和响应的一种简单的方法。要访问它:</p><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Rancher v2.6.4+</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Rancher 版本低于 v2.6.4</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><ol><li>单击右上角的用户头像。</li><li>单击<strong>账号 &amp; API 密钥</strong>。</li><li>在 <strong>API 密钥</strong>下,找到 <strong>API 端点</strong>字段并单击链接。该链接类似于 <code>https://&lt;RANCHER_FQDN&gt;/v3</code>,其中 <code>&lt;RANCHER_FQDN&gt;</code> 是 Rancher deployment 的完全限定域名。</li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>转到位于 <code>https://&lt;RANCHER_FQDN&gt;/v3</code> 的 URL 端点,其中 <code>&lt;RANCHER_FQDN&gt;</code> 是你的 Rancher deployment 的完全限定域名。</p></div></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="认证">认证<a href="#认证" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>API 请求必须包含认证信息。认证是通过 <a href="/zh/v2.6/reference-guides/user-settings/api-keys">API 密钥</a>使用 HTTP 基本认证完成的。API 密钥可以创建新集群并通过 <code>/v3/clusters/</code> 访问多个集群。<a href="/zh/v2.6/how-to-guides/new-user-guides/authentication-permissions-and-global-configuration/manage-role-based-access-control-rbac/cluster-and-project-roles">集群和项目角色</a>会应用于这些键,并限制账号可以查看的集群和项目以及可以执行的操作。</p><p>默认情况下,某些集群级别的 API 令牌是使用无限期 TTL(<code>ttl=0</code>)生成的。换言之,除非你让令牌失效,否则 <code>ttl=0</code> 的 API 令牌永远不会过期。有关如何使 API 令牌失效的详细信息,请参阅 <a href="/zh/v2.6/reference-guides/about-the-api/api-tokens">API 令牌</a>。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="发出请求">发出请求<a href="#发出请求" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>该 API 通常是 RESTful 的,但是还具有多种功能。这些功能可以使客户端发现所有内容,因此可以编写通用客户端,而不必为每种资源编写特定代码。有关通用 API 规范的详细信息,请参阅<a href="https://github.com/rancher/api-spec/blob/master/specification.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">此处</a>。</p><ul><li>每种类型都有一个 Schema,这个 Schema 描述了以下内容:<ul><li>用于获取此类资源集合的 URL</li><li>资源可以具有的每个字段及其类型、基本验证规则、是必填还是可选字段等</li><li>在此类资源上可以执行的每个操作,以及它们的输入和输出(也作为 schema)</li><li>允许过滤的每个字段</li><li>集合本身或集合中的单个资源可以使用的 HTTP 操作方法</li></ul></li></ul><ul><li><p>因此,你可以只加载 schema 列表并了解 API 的所有信息。实际上,这是 API 的 UI 工作方式,它不包含特定于 Rancher 本身的代码。每个 HTTP 响应中的 <code>X-Api-Schemas</code> 标头都会发送获取 Schemas 的 URL。你可以按照每个 schema 上的 <code>collection</code> 链接了解要在哪里列出资源,并在返回资源中的其他 <code>links</code> 中获取其他信息。</p></li><li><p>在实践中,你可能只想构造 URL 字符串。我们强烈建议将此限制为在顶层列出的集合 (<code>/v3/&lt;type&gt;</code>),或获取特定资源 (<code>/v3/&lt;type&gt;/&lt;id&gt;</code>)。除此之外的任何内容都可能在将来的版本中发生更改。</p></li><li><p>资源之间相互之间有联系,称为链接(links)。每个资源都包含一个 <code>links</code> 映射,其中包含链接名称和用于检索该信息的 URL。同样,你应该 <code>GET</code> 资源并遵循 <code>links</code> 映射中的 URL,而不是自己构造这些字符串。</p></li><li><p>大多数资源都有操作(action),表示可以执行某个操作或改变资源的状态。要使用操作,请将 HTTP <code>POST</code> 请求发送到 <code>actions</code> 映射中你想要的操作的 URL。某些操作需要输入或生成输出,请参阅每种类型的独立文档或 schema 以获取具体信息。</p></li><li><p>要编辑资源,请将 HTTP <code>PUT</code> 请求发送到资源上的 <code>links.update</code> 链接,其中包含要更改的字段。如果链接丢失,则你无权更新资源。未知字段和不可编辑的字段将被忽略。</p></li><li><p>要删除资源,请将 HTTP <code>DELETE</code> 请求发送到资源上的 <code>links.remove</code> 链接。如果链接丢失,则你无权更新资源。</p></li><li><p>要创建新资源,HTTP <code>POST</code> 到 schema(即 <code>/v3/&lt;type&gt;</code>)中的集合 URL。</p></li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="过滤">过滤<a href="#过滤" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>你可以使用 HTTP 查询参数的公共字段在服务器端过滤大多数集合。<code>filters</code> 映射显示了可以过滤的字段,以及过滤后的值在你发起的请求中是什么。API UI 具有设置过滤和显示适当请求的控件。对于简单的 &quot;equals&quot; 匹配,它只是 <code>field=value</code>。你可以将修饰符添加到字段名称,例如 <code>field_gt=42</code> 表示“字段大于 42”。详情请参阅 <a href="https://github.com/rancher/api-spec/blob/master/specification.md#filtering" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">API 规范</a>。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="排序">排序<a href="#排序" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>你可以使用 HTTP 查询参数的公共字段在服务器端排序大多数集合。<code>sortLinks</code> 映射显示了可用的排序,以及用于获取遵循该排序的集合的 URL。它还包括当前响排序依据的信息(如果指定)。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="分页">分页<a href="#分页" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>默认情况下,API 响应以每页 100 个资源的限制进行分页。你可以通过 <code>limit</code> 查询参数进行更改,最大为 1000,例如 <code>/v3/pods?limit=1000</code>。集合响应中的 <code>pagination</code> 映射能让你知道你是否拥有完整的结果集,如果没有,则会指向下一页的链接。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="捕获-rancher-api-调用">捕获 Rancher API 调用<a href="#捕获-rancher-api-调用" class="hash-link" aria-label="标题的直接链接" title="标题的直接链接">​</a></h2><p>你可以使用浏览器开发人员工具来捕获 Rancher API 的调用方式。例如,你可以按照以下步骤使用 Chrome 开发人员工具来获取用于配置 RKE 集群的 API 调用:</p><ol><li>在 Rancher UI 中,转到<strong>集群管理</strong>并单击<strong>创建</strong>。</li><li>单击某个集群类型。此示例使用 Digital Ocean。</li><li>使用集群名称和节点模板填写表单,但不要单击<strong>创建</strong>。</li><li>在创建集群之前,你需要打开开发人员工具才能看到正在记录的 API 调用。要打开工具,右键单击 Rancher UI,然后单击<strong>检查</strong>。</li><li>在开发者工具中,单击 <strong>Network</strong> 选项卡。</li><li>在 <strong>Network</strong> 选项卡上,确保选择了 <strong>Fetch/XHR</strong>。</li><li>在 Rancher UI 中,单击<strong>创建</strong>。在开发者工具中,你应该会看到一个名为 <code>cluster?_replace=true</code> 的新网络请求。</li><li>右键单击 <code>cluster?_replace=true</code> 并单击<strong>复制 &gt; 复制为 cURL</strong>。</li><li>将结果粘贴到文本编辑器中。你将能够看到 POST 请求,包括被发送到的 URL、所有标头以及请求的完整正文。此命令可用于从命令行创建集群。请注意,请求包含凭证,因此请将请求存储在安全的地方。</li></ol></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a 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